Step 1: Determine the UTF-8 encoding bit layout
The character ∫ has the Unicode code point U+222B. In UTF-8, it is encoded using 3 bytes because its codepoint is in the range of
0x0800to0xffff.
Therefore we know that the UTF-8 encoding will be done over 16 bits within the final 24 bits and that it will have the format:1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
Where thexare the payload bits.UTF-8 Encoding bit layout by codepoint range Codepoint Range Bytes Bit pattern Payload length U+0000 - U+007F 1 0xxxxxxx 7 bits U+0080 - U+07FF 2 110xxxxx 10xxxxxx 11 bits U+0800 - U+FFFF 3 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 16 bits U+10000 - U+10FFFF 4 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 21 bits Step 2: Obtain the payload bits:
Convert the hexadecimal code point U+222B to binary:
00100010 00101011. Those are the payload bits.Step 3: Fill in the bits to match the bit pattern:
Obtain the final bytes by arranging the paylod bits to match the bit layout:
11100010 10001000 10101011
INTEGRAL·U+222B
∫
Character Information
Code Point
U+222B
HEX
222B
Unicode Plane
Basic Multilingual Plane
Category
Math Symbol
Character Representations
Click elements to copy| Encoding | Hex | Binary |
|---|---|---|
| UTF8 | E2 88 AB | 11100010 10001000 10101011 |
| UTF16 (big Endian) | 22 2B | 00100010 00101011 |
| UTF16 (little Endian) | 2B 22 | 00101011 00100010 |
| UTF32 (big Endian) | 00 00 22 2B | 00000000 00000000 00100010 00101011 |
| UTF32 (little Endian) | 2B 22 00 00 | 00101011 00100010 00000000 00000000 |
HTML Entity
∫
URI Encoded
%E2%88%AB
Description
The Unicode character U+222B, known as the INTEGRAL (∫), is a crucial element in mathematics and digital text. It represents the mathematical concept of an integral or definite integral, which is a fundamental operation in calculus. In various fields such as physics, engineering, economics, and computer science, the INTEGRAL symbol plays a pivotal role in expressing concepts like work, area under curves, probability density, and more. This character has been widely adopted across multiple languages and systems, ensuring clear communication of complex mathematical ideas. Its usage demonstrates the power of Unicode in enabling accurate and consistent representation of various symbols and characters across different platforms and applications.
How to type the ∫ symbol on Windows
Hold Alt and type 8747 on the numpad. Or use Character Map.